[230], Belarus has competed in the Olympic Games since the 1994 Winter Olympics as an independent nation. Several state holidays, such as Independence Day and Victory Day, draw big crowds and often include displays such as fireworks and military parades, especially in Vitebsk and Minsk. Клоков В. Я. Великий освободительный поход Красной Армии. ignore name meanings: the description is the meaning and history write-up for the name; separate search terms with spaces; search for an exact phrase by surrounding it with double quotes. Belarusian: Meaning of Belarusian . [121] The members of this council need not be members of the legislature and are appointed by the president. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. The republic was created in 1920 following the staged rebellion of soldiers of the 1st Lithuanian–Belarusian Division of the Polish Army under Lucjan Żeligowski. [199] [38] Trying to avoid the Tatar Yoke, the Principality of Minsk sought protection from Lithuanian princes further north and in 1242, Minsk became a part of the expanding Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Numerous Belarusian players are present in the Kontinental Hockey League in Eurasia, particularly for Belarusian club HC Dinamo Minsk, and several have also played in the National Hockey League in North America. [28][29] In Russia, the usage of Belorussia still is very common. When opposition protesters took to the streets in Minsk, many people, including most rival presidential candidates, were beaten and arrested by the state militia. [159], Belarus has not expressed a desire to join NATO but has participated in the Individual Partnership Program since 1997,[160] and Belarus provides refueling and airspace support for the ISAF mission in Afghanistan. The six regions are divided into 118 raions. [104] The city of Minsk is split into nine districts and enjoys special status as the nation's capital. In 2015, 39.3% of Belarusians were employed by state-controlled companies, 57.2% were employed by private companies (in which the government has a 21.1% stake) and 3.5% were employed by foreign companies. Learn more. [131], In the 2006 presidential election, Lukashenko was opposed by Alaksandar Milinkievič, who represented a coalition of opposition parties, and by Alaksandar Kazulin of the Social Democrats. [citation needed], In the years following the union, the process of gradual Polonization of both Lithuanians and Ruthenians gained steady momentum. [184] In 2006, GDP amounted to US$83.1 billion in purchasing power parity (PPP) dollars (estimate), or about $8,100 per capita. For other uses, see. Some of the largest ethnic groups in the country include Belarusians (83.7%), Ukrainians (1.7%), Russians (8.3%), and Poles (3.1%). [156], Most of Belarus's service members are conscripts, who serve for 12 months if they have higher education or 18 months if they do not. The election process and events afterwards have been criticized by representatives of many other countries. "[77], Soviet Belarusian communist politician Andrei Gromyko, who served as Soviet foreign minister (1957–1985) and as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1985–1988), was responsible for many top decisions on Soviet foreign policy until he was replaced by Eduard Shevardnadze. After Stalin's death in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev continued his predecessor's cultural hegemony program, stating, "The sooner we all start speaking Russian, the faster we shall build communism. But since the mid-20th century, the number of Jews has been reduced by the Holocaust, deportation, and emigration, so that today it is a very small minority of less than one percent. Though the pro-independence Belarusian Popular Front took only 10% of the seats, the populace was content with the selection of the delegates. Other notable Belarusian sportspeople include cyclist Vasil Kiryienka, who won the 2015 Road World Time Trial Championship, and middle-distance runner Maryna Arzamasava, who won the gold medal in the 800m at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics. (ed. [120] The armed forces were formed in 1992 using parts of the former Soviet Armed Forces on the new republic's territory. An influential author who devoted his work to awakening the awareness of the catastrophes the country has suffered, was Ales Adamovich. The Soviets invaded and annexed much of eastern Poland, which had been part of the country since the Peace of Riga two decades earlier. Belarus has a population density of about 50 people per square kilometer (127 per sq mi); 70% of its total population is concentrated in urban areas. Beltelecom is the only operator licensed to provide commercial VoIP services in Belarus. A country which is sick and tired off being associated with Russia because they are way cooler although not well known. Минаев В. Западная Белоруссия и Западная Украина под гнетом панской Польши.—М., 1939. The first coins of the Republic of Belarus were issued on 27 December 1996. Soon thereafter it merged to form the Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR. Belarus definition: a republic in E Europe; populated by Slavic tribes from the 6th century; part of the... | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples [61], In 1919 a part of Belarus under Russian rule emerged as the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (Byelorussian SSR). It existed from only 1918 to 1919 but created prerequisites for the formation of the state idea around the name "Belarus". [54][55] Immediately afterwards, the Polish–Soviet War ignited, and the territory of Belarus was divided between Poland and Soviet Russia. Vigorous postwar reconstruction promptly followed the end of the war and the Byelorussian SSR became a major center of manufacturing in the western USSR, creating jobs and attracting ethnic Russians. [52], In a Russification drive in the 1840s, Nicholas I prohibited use of the Belarusian language in public schools, campaigned against Belarusian publications and tried to pressure those who had converted to Catholicism under the Poles to reconvert to the Orthodox faith. In the 19th century, Polish composer Stanisław Moniuszko composed operas and chamber music pieces while living in Minsk. More than 1.6 million civilians and 620,000 Belarusian Red Army soldiers died,[75] and the country lost about 25% of its population. It was published in Prague and Vilnius sometime between 1517 and 1525, making it the first book printed in Belarus or anywhere in Eastern Europe. We do not recognize him but we must deal with him, U.S. no longer recognizes Lukashenko as legitimate president of Belarus, "U.S., EU Sanction Belarus in Coordinated Western Action", "Coordinates of the extreme points of the state frontier. [34], The region that is now Belarus was first settled by Baltic tribes in the 3rd century. [60] Years earlier interrogation report of 19-year-old revolutionary Pilsudski of 10 March 1887 indicated that he called himself a "Belarusian nobleman". "[89] An idea backed by Putin for years, observers have labeled the potential plan a scheme by Putin to remain in power beyond 2024. Forests cover over 40% of the country's territory. Learn more about the history and culture of Belarus … The region was known as Byelorussia SSR until 1991 when the government declared that the newly independent nation would be known as Belarus. Dallas, TX: SIL International. A red horizontal stripe was later added through the center of the flag. Latest Indian Business News on BW Businessworld, Analysis of Indian Economy by Experts [42], On 2 February 1386, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland were joined in a personal union through a marriage of their rulers. "Национальный состав населения Республики Беларусь", "CIA World Factbook (2007) – Belarus – People", "International Programs: International Data Base", "Religion and denominations in the Republic of Belarus", "Belarusian Religion statistics, definitions and sources", "Belarus, Roman Catholic Church may ink cooperation agreement", "Population classified by knowledge of the Belarusian and Russian languages by region and Minsk City", "The Slavianski Bazaar in Vitebsk amazes with its artistic atmosphere, popular artistes, hundreds of events and thousands of reasons to enjoy", https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2015/alexievich/biographical/, "Belarus entry to the 2004 Eurovision Song Contest", "Шагал в Беларуси: игнорируемый, забытый и снова открытый", Cultures Profile Project – Eating the Belarusian Way, "Queen Victoria takes the throne determined to court further success", "The European Union and Belarus: Democracy Promotion by Technocratic Means? Over 70% of the residents live in urban areas. In 1939, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union invaded and occupied Poland, marking the beginning of World War II. [200] Minsk, the nation's capital and largest city, was home to 1,937,900 residents in 2015[update]. [135][136] Six months later amid an unprecedented economic crisis, activists utilized social networking to initiate a fresh round of protests characterized by wordless hand-clapping.[137]. The referendum on the extension was denounced as a "fantastic" fake by the chief electoral officer, Viktar Hanchar, who was removed from the office for official matters only during the campaign. Many Belarusian writers of the time, such as Uładzimir Žyłka, Kazimir Svayak, Yakub Kolas, Źmitrok Biadula, and Maksim Haretski, wrote for Nasha Niva, a Belarusian-language paper published that was previously published in Vilnius but now is published in Minsk. Information and translations of Belarus in the most comprehensive … [30] In Lithuanian, besides Baltarusija (White Russia), Belarus is also called Gudija. [206][207] Minorities also practice Greek Catholicism, Judaism, Islam and Neopaganism. Belarus's population reduced by 0.41% in 2007. The 10 Most Populated Countries In The World, The 10 Least Populated Countries In Europe, The 10 Most Populated Countries In Europe. Belarusian definition: 1. belonging to or relating to Belarus, its people, or its language: 2. a person from Belarus: 3…. [185][186] As of 2015[update], 38% of Belarusian exported goods go to Russia and 56% of imported goods come from Russia. The National Bank of Belarus abandoned pegging the Belarusian ruble to the Russian ruble in August 2007. The term "Rus" is usually merged with its Latin form Ruthenia and Russia; therefore Belarus is sometimes referred to as White Ruthenia or White Russia. Centered on the historical capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Vilna (Lithuanian: Vilnius, Polish: Wilno), for 18 months the entity served as a buffer state between Poland, upon which it depended, and Lithuania, which claimed the area. Western governments,[86] Amnesty International,[17] and Human Rights Watch[87] have criticized Lukashenko's authoritarian style of government. The name Belorussia appeared during the reign of the Russian Empire. [citation needed], In the 1990s, however, industrial production plunged due to decreases in imports, investment, and demand for Belarusian products from its trading partners. Трайнин И.Национальное и социальное освобождение Западной Украины и Западной Белоруссии.—М., 1939.—80 с. Гiсторыя Беларусі. [138] Belarus and Russia have been close trading partners and diplomatic allies since the breakup of the Soviet Union. [111][112], Belarus borders five countries: Latvia to the north, Lithuania to the northwest, Poland to the west, Russia to the north and the east, and Ukraine to the south. [203] Over 99% of Belarusians aged 15 and older are literate. 449–474, This page was last edited on 6 March 2021, at 00:52. [77] This policy involved sending Russians from various parts of the Soviet Union and placing them in key positions in the Byelorussian SSR government. More than 99% of the residents above the age of 15 are literate. [212] Minorities also speak Polish, Ukrainian and Eastern Yiddish. Meaning of Belarus. [47] The Belarusian territories acquired by the Russian Empire under the reign of Catherine II[48] were included into the Belarusian Governorate (Russian: Белорусское генерал-губернаторство) in 1796 and held until their occupation by the German Empire during World War I. A remarkable year of journalism has seen surges in readership and digital subscriptions. [154], Major General Andrei Ravkov heads the Ministry of Defence,[155] and Alexander Lukashenko (as president) serves as Commander-in-Chief. Many of the modern surnames in the dictionary can be traced back to Britain and Ireland. [215] The government's Ministry of Culture finances events promoting Belarusian arts and culture both inside and outside the country. Lukashenko won the election with 80% of the vote; the Russian Federation and the CIS deemed the vote open and fair[132] while the OSCE and other organizations called the election unfair. He garnered 45% of the vote in the first round and 80%[84] in the second, defeating Vyacheslav Kebich who received 14% of the vote. Hope this page will help you to avoid misunderstandings with a women names. [175], In 2014 the share of manufacturing in GDP was 37%, more than two thirds of this amount falls on manufacturing industries. [103] About 70% of the radiation from neighboring Ukraine's 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster entered Belarusian territory, and about a fifth of Belarusian land (principally farmland and forests in the southeastern regions) was affected by radiation fallout. Prezydent Białorusi chce zakazać kołchoźnikom odchodzić z pracy", "In chase of upgrade: serfdom for woodworkers? Learn more. During that time, Germany destroyed 209 out of 290 cities in the republic, 85% of the republic's industry, and more than one million buildings. The runner-up opposition leader Andrei Sannikov received less than 3% of the vote; independent observers criticized the election as fraudulent. The 1,132 foot high Dzyarzhynsk hill is the highest point in Belarus while the lowest point is situated in River Neman. Free Name Report. [74], The German occupation in 1941–1944 and war on the Eastern Front devastated Belarus. [203], According to the census of November 2011, 58.9% of all Belarusians adhered to some kind of religion; out of those, Eastern Orthodoxy (Belarusian Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church) made up about 82%. 207 penpals Top 100 Belarusian names - Belarus See also first names from Belarus on Top-Names.info : [] - To strengthen the independence in the format of the union, three editions of the Statutes of Lithuania were issued in the 16th century. [101], Belarus lies between latitudes 51° and 57° N, and longitudes 23° and 33° E. Its extension from north to south is 560 km (350 mi), from west to east is 650 km (400 mi). [117] The National Assembly is a bicameral parliament comprising the 110-member House of Representatives (the lower house) and the 64-member Council of the Republic (the upper house). [208] President Lukashenko has stated that Orthodox and Catholic believers are the "two main confessions in our country". Аб паходжанні назваў Белая і Чорная Русь (Eng. He was named by Svetlana Alexievich, the Belarusian winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature 2015, as "her main teacher, who helped her to find a path of her own". During his stay, he worked with Belarusian poet Vintsent Dunin-Martsinkyevich and created the opera Sialanka (Peasant Woman). Том пяты.—Мінск, 2006.—с. Upon the death of Kievan Rus' ruler Yaroslav I the Wise, the state split into independent principalities. In the 2020 presidential election the official result was 80% for Lukashenko again. [177] The country relies on Russia for various imports, including petroleum. Other large cities are Mogilev (365,100), Vitebsk (342,400), Hrodna (314,800) and Brest (298,300). [67][68] Use of the Belarusian language was discouraged. The name Byelorussia was embraced during the time of Byelorussian SSR. What does Belarus mean? info)). Main Geographic Characteristics of the Republic of Belarus", "Belarus: Window of Opportunity (see Table 15, page 66)", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "The United Nations and Chernobyl – The Republic of Belarus", "Ecological reservation in Belarus fosters new approaches to soil remediation", "Country Report: Belarus Borders: Borders and policy in Belarus", "Section IV:The President, Parliament, Government, the Courts", "Deputy Prime Ministers of the Republic of Belarus", "Belarus: inside Europe's last dictatorship", "Belarus's Lukashenko: 'Better a dictator than gay, "Belarus suspended from the Council of Europe", "Belarus – Office of the Directorate General of Programmes", "OSCE Report on the October 2004 parliamentary elections", "Belarus in the aftermath of the Presidential election of 19 March 2006", "Police guard threatened to rape Belarus Free Theatre director after election protest", Belarus opposition leader Andrei Sannikov jailed, "Belarus: 7 presidential candidates face 15 years", "Why Belarus' Dictator Is Not Fond of Applause", https://www.un.org/press/en/2006/org1469.doc.htm, https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/russia-belarus-relations-future-union-state-65288/, "CIS: Foreign Ministers, Heads Of State Gather In Minsk For Summit", https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/08/12/belarus-lukashenko-elections-protests-united-states-diplomatic-relations/, https://jamestown.org/program/modest-advances-us-belarus-relations/, "Belarus Democracy Act Will Help Cause of Freedom, Bush Says", "China's Xi promises Belarus $1 billion in loans", "China, Belarus agree to upgrade economic ties", "Syria and Belarus agree to promote trade", "Belarus-Syria report substantial progress in trade and economic relations", "Membership of the Republic of Belarus in International Organizations", "Growth in United Nations membership, 1945–present", https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/international-affairs/european-neighbourhood-policy_en, "Military Development and the Armed Forces of Belarus", "NATO Council adopted individual partnership program with Belarus", "Nato and Belarus: partnership, past tensions and future possibilities", "Lukashenka promises "serfdom" in villages", "Pańszczyzna u Łukaszenki. Published 1994, amended in 1996", "Section V: Local government and self-government", "The Russian-Belarusian Union and the Near Abroad", "Russia may cut oil supplies to ally Belarus – Putin", "Foreign trade in goods and services in Belarus up by 11.5% in January–October, Council of Ministers", "The EU's Relationship With Belarus – Trade", "No Job? As an OSCE member state, Belarus's international commitments are subject to monitoring under the mandate of the U.S. Helsinki Commission. [58], The Republic of Central Lithuania was a short-lived political entity, which was the last attempt to restore Lithuania in the historical confederacy state (it was also supposed to create Lithuania Upper and Lithuania Lower). Sino-Belarusian relations have improved,[148] strengthened by the visit of President Lukashenko to China in October 2005. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) ruled that the elections were unfair because opposition candidates were arbitrarily denied registration and the election process was designed to favor the ruling party. From 1 July until 31 December 2016, the old and new currencies were in parallel circulation and series 2000 notes and coins can be exchanged for series 2009 from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021. Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective and add more content related to non-recent events. Around 1840 the Statutes were banned by the Russian tsar following the November Uprising. For instance, the author’s name is prounounced something more akin … [162] However, Belarus cannot join NATO because it is a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organisation. Belarusian language was banned in schools while in neighboring Samogitia primary school education with Samogitian literacy was allowed. [81] Some nationalists contend that this discovery is proof that the Soviet government was trying to erase the Belarusian people, causing Belarusian nationalists to seek independence. [67][68] The polonization drive was inspired and influenced by the Polish National Democracy, led by Roman Dmowski, who advocated refusing Belarusians and Ukrainians the right for a free national development. [213] Belarusian, although not as widely used as Russian, is the mother tongue of 53.2% of the population, whereas Russian is the mother tongue of only 41.5%.[212]. [209], Belarus was once a major center of European Jews, with 10% of the population being Jewish. He spent the World War I years in Soviet Belarus, becoming one of the country's most distinguished artists and a member of the modernist avant-garde and was a founder of the Vitebsk Arts College. Its first flag was in plain white connotating the nation’s name: “White Russia”. Definition of Belarus in the Definitions.net dictionary. [128][129] Re-admission of the country into the Council is dependent on the completion of benchmarks set by the Council, including the improvement of human rights, rule of law, and democracy. Invaders from Asia, among whom were the Huns and Avars, swept through c. 400–600 AD, but were unable to dislodge the Slavic presence. Discover the full name meaning of Belarusf. This article describes the history of Belarus.The Belarusian ethnos is traced at least as far in time as other East Slavs.. After an initial period of independent feudal consolidation, Belarusian lands were incorporated into the Kingdom of Lithuania, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Russian Empire and eventually the Soviet Union. Several poets and authors went into exile after the Nazi occupation of Belarus and would not return until the 1960s. Each chamber has the ability to veto any law passed by local officials if it is contrary to the constitution. historical (Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus) Bielorrusia n propio f nombre propio femenino: Nombre de persona, lugar, grupo, evento, objeto o idea, de género femenino (Pilar, Francia, Navidad). I'm from Latvia and I'm interested into my surname meaning - i suppose it could come from Belarus but I'm not quite sure.. My surname is Tuleiko. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com, What Is The Yoruba Religion? What does Belarus mean? [189] The ruble was reintroduced with new values in 2000 and has been in use ever since. Wheat and rye breads are consumed in Belarus, but rye is more plentiful because conditions are too harsh for growing wheat. [158] In 2005, about 1.4% of Belarus's gross domestic product was devoted to military expenditure. The currency was introduced in May 1992 to replace the Soviet ruble and it has undergone redenomination twice since then. [53], During the negotiations of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Belarus first declared independence under German occupation on 25 March 1918, forming the Belarusian People's Republic. Fun Facts about the name Belarus. Proper usage and audio pronunciation (plus IPA phonetic transcription) of the word Belarus. [168], The judicial system in Belarus lacks independence and is subject to political interference. [69] A Belarusian organization, the Belarusian Peasants' and Workers' Union, was banned in 1927, and opposition to Polish government was met with state repressions. The transformation of the ex-Soviet forces into the Armed Forces of Belarus, which was completed in 1997, reduced the number of its soldiers by 30,000 and restructured its leadership and military formations. example: "lord of the rings" matches names from the novel 'The Lord of the Rings' this field understands simple boolean logic [110] The United Nations and other agencies have aimed to reduce the level of radiation in affected areas, especially through the use of caesium binders and rapeseed cultivation, which are meant to decrease soil levels of caesium-137.
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